What is the first layer of the cornea?

The first layer of the cornea, which serves as the outermost protective barrier, is the epithelium. This layer is composed of several layers of tightly packed epithelial cells that create a smooth surface, aiding in the overall optical quality of the cornea and protecting the underlying structures from environmental damage, pathogens, and dehydration. The epithelium also plays a crucial role in sensory innervation and in maintaining corneal homeostasis through its interactions with the tear film.

Understanding the importance of the epithelium highlights its role in corneal health. It is essential in facilitating the absorption of nutrients and contributing to the healing process following injuries or abrasions. The corneal epithelium also exhibits a high turnover rate, which is vital for regenerating the surface and maintaining corneal transparency and function.