Which layer of the cornea is primarily responsible for maintaining deturgescence?

The layer of the cornea primarily responsible for maintaining deturgescence is the endothelium. Deturgescence refers to the state of corneal hydration where the cornea remains clear and transparent, which is essential for proper vision. The corneal endothelium plays a critical role in regulating the fluid balance within the cornea by controlling the movement of water and electrolytes.

The endothelium is a single layer of cells located on the innermost part of the cornea and is vital for pumping excess fluid out of the stroma (the thickest layer of the cornea) back into the aqueous humor, the fluid in the anterior chamber of the eye. This pumping action helps maintain the low water content necessary to keep the stroma relatively dehydrated, ensuring that the cornea remains clear and that its optical properties are optimal.

Without the proper function of the endothelium, corneal edema could occur, leading to vision impairment. Thus, the endothelium's role in maintaining deturgescence highlights its importance in corneal health and optical clarity.